Inventor of Gatorade dies of kidney failure at 80 years old

JACKSONVILLE, Fla. – Dr. J. Robert Cade, who invented the sports drink Gatorade and launched a multibillion-dollar industry that the beverage continues to dominate, died Tuesday of kidney failure. He was 80.\nUniversity of Florida, where he and other researchers created Gatorade in 1965 to help the school’s football players replace carbohydrates and electrolytes lost through sweat while playing in swamp-like heat, announced his death.\n“Today with his passing, the University of Florida lost a legend, lost one of its best friends and lost a creative genius,” said Dr. Edward Block, chairman of the department of medicine in the College of Medicine. “Losing any one of those is huge. When you lose all three in one person, it’s something you cannot recoup.”\nNow sold in 80 countries in dozens of flavors, Cade created Gatorade thanks to a question from former Gators Coach Dwayne Douglas, he said in a 2005 interview with The Associated Press.\nHe asked, “Doctor, why don’t football players wee-wee after a game?”\n“That question changed our lives,” Cade said.\nCade’s researchers determined a football player could lose as much as 18 pounds – 90 to 95 percent of it water – during the three hours it takes to play a game. Players sweated away sodium and chloride and lost plasma volume and blood volume.\nUsing their research, and about $43 in supplies, they concocted a brew for players to drink while playing football. The first batch was not exactly a hit.\n“It sort of tasted like toilet bowl cleaner,” researcher Dana Shires said.\n“I guzzled it, and I vomited,” Cade said.\nThe researchers added some sugar and some lemon juice to improve the taste. It was first tested on freshmen because Coach Ray Graves didn’t want to hurt the varsity team. Eventually, however, the use of the sports beverage spread to the Gators, who enjoyed a winning record and were known as a “second-half team” by outlasting opponents.\nAfter the Gators beat Georgia Tech 27-12 in the Orange Bowl in 1967, Tech coach Bobby Dodd told reporters his team lost because they “didn’t have Gatorade ... that made the difference.”\nStokely-Van Camp obtained the licensing rights for Gatorade and began marketing it as the “beverage of champions.” PepsiCo Inc. now owns the brand, which has brought the university more than $150 million in royalties since 1973.\nCade said Stokely-Van Camp hated the name “Gatorade,” believing it was too parochial, but stuck with it after tests showed consumers liked the name.\nGatorade held 81 percent of the $7.5 billion-a-year U.S. sports drink market in 2006, according to John Sicher, editor and publisher of Beverage Digest.\n“Gatorade is the clear granddaddy of those drinks,” Sicher said.\nCade said he thought the use of Gatorade would be limited to sports teams and never dreamed it would be purchased by regular consumers.\n“I never thought about the commercial market,” he said. “The financial success of this stuff really surprised us.”\nCade, who was the University of Florida’s first kidney researcher, also said he was proud that Gatorade was based on research into what the body loses in exercise.\n“The other sports drinks were created by marketing companies,” he said.\nSince its introduction, Cade said the formula changed very little. An artificial sweetener has replaced sugar.\nInstead of the original four flavors, there are now more than 30 available in the United States and more than 50 flavors available internationally.\nBorn James Robert Cade in San Antonio on Sept. 26, 1927, Cade, a Navy veteran, graduated from the University of Texas at Austin and the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School in Dallas.\nUF appointed Cade as an assistant professor in internal medicine in 1961. He worked until he was 76 and retired in November 2004 from the university. He taught medicine, saw patients and conducted research.\nCade and his wife, Mary, had six children.