Fidel Castro resigns as Cuban president due to illness

HAVANA – Fidel Castro, ailing and 81, announced Tuesday he was resigning as Cuba’s president, ending a half-century of autocratic rule that made him a communist icon and a relentless opponent of U.S. policy around the globe.\nThe end of Castro’s rule – the longest in the world for a head of government – frees his 76-year-old brother Raul Castro to implement reforms he has hinted at since taking over as acting president when Fidel fell ill in July 2006.\nPresident Bush said he hopes the resignation signals the beginning of a democratic transition, though he doubts that would come about under the rule of another Castro. The State Department denigrated the change as a “transfer of authority and power from dictator to dictator light.”\nCastro temporarily ceded his powers to his brother on July 31, 2006, when he announced that he had undergone intestinal surgery. Since then, he has not been seen in public, appearing only sporadically in official photographs and videotapes and publishing dense essays about mostly international themes as his younger brother consolidated his rule.\n“My wishes have always been to discharge my duties to my last breath,” Castro wrote in a letter published Tuesday in the online edition of the Communist Party daily Granma. But “it would be a betrayal to my conscience to accept a responsibility requiring more mobility and dedication than I am physically able to offer.”\nIn the pre-dawn hours, most Cubans were unaware of Castro’s message, and Havana’s streets were quiet. It wasn’t until 5 a.m., several hours after it was posted on the Internet, that official radio began reading the news to early risers.\nAs the news across the island, Cubans went about their business as usual, accepting the inevitable with a mix of sadness and hope.\n“It is like losing a father,” said Luis Conte, an elderly museum watchman. Or “like a marriage – a very long one that is over.”\nCuban dissidents welcomed the news as a possible first step toward change.\n“The change of a person does not signify the change of a system,” said Oswaldo Paya, whose pro-democracy Varela Project sought an unsuccessful referendum on civil rights and electoral reforms. “We have always maintained hope and today we are more hopeful.”\nReaction was subdued in Miami’s exile community. Dozens gathered in Little Havana, where motorists honked horns, but reporters nearly outnumbered the revelers who shouted “Free Cuba!” and sold little flags.\nIn Washington, the government said it had no plans to change U.S. policy or lift its embargo on Cuba.\nBush, traveling in Rwanda, pledged to “help the people of Cuba realize the blessings of liberty.” But he implied that wasn’t likely under Raul Castro.\n“The international community should work with the Cuban people to begin to build institutions that are necessary for democracy,” he said. “Eventually, this transition ought to lead to free and fair elections – and I mean free, and I mean fair – not these kind of staged elections that the Castro brothers try to foist off as true democracy.”\nIf Cuba remains much the same, “political prisoners will rot in prison and the human condition will remain pathetic in many cases,” Bush said.\nThe United States built a detailed plan in 2005 for American assistance to ensure a democratic transition on the island of 11.2 million people after Castro’s death. But Cuban officials have insisted that the island’s socialist political and economic systems will outlive Castro.\n“The adversary to be defeated is extremely strong,” Castro wrote Tuesday. “However, we have been able to keep it at bay for half a century.”